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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+263.7%
€139.59
vs €38.38 price
Levered DCF
€113.37
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.14
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E16.44×19.68×31.71×17.22×32.08×94.19×33.99×-164.64×
P/B4.34×5.52×6.76×5.31×8.28×9.74×6.59×3.47×
P/S1×1.25×1.54×1.39×2.41×3.18×2.56×1.45×
EV / EBITDA6.38×6.72×8.13×7.38×11.14×14.33×11.08×7.64×
Gross margin42.0%43.8%41.6%42.7%39.5%35.0%36.4%34.7%
Operating margin11.9%14.3%11.8%13.9%12.4%6.4%11.2%10.4%
Net margin6.1%6.4%4.8%8.1%7.5%3.4%7.5%-0.9%
Current ratio0.6×0.5×0.47×0.57×0.39×0.42×0.49×0.5×
Debt / equity3.55×3.67×3.76×3.5×3.32×3.3×2.59×2.54×
Interest coverage3.43×3.92×3.39×7.73×6.94×2.67×5.26×4.68×
Dividend yield6.9%4.7%3.8%5.6%3.2%2.7%3.2%3.6%
Payout ratio112.6%93.1%120.2%95.7%103.1%255.3%107.5%-588.6%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity26.4%28.1%21.3%30.9%25.7%10.3%19.4%-2.1%
Return on invested capital6.8%8.8%6.2%8.0%7.1%3.4%6.2%5.6%
Return on assets4.1%4.5%3.4%5.2%4.5%1.9%4.1%-0.5%
Free cash flow yield15.3%14.0%9.2%10.0%8.1%6.2%8.9%13.4%
Earnings yield6.1%5.1%3.1%5.8%3.1%1.1%2.9%-0.6%
Enterprise value€3.7B€4.2B€4.5B€4B€5.4B€6.1B€5.6B€3.9B
Net debt / EBITDA2.8×2.61×2.82×2.85×3.1×3.48×2.98×3.12×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-16-22-1210-30-44-58-46