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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+14.5%
€32.86
vs €28.70 price
Levered DCF
€80.26
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.07
Grey zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E18.17×10.35×9.71×12.18×23.27×-22.54×24.78×22.14×
P/B1.02×0.95×1.55×2.15×1.43×1.71×2.17×2.49×
P/S0.94×0.84×1.19×1.83×1.66×1.69×1.8×2.18×
EV / EBITDA7.71×4.98×6.05×6.81×7.98×34.89×7.17×8.39×
Gross margin28.7%30.4%34.6%33.7%25.9%22.7%29.8%34.6%
Operating margin7.8%12.7%17.5%17.6%5.4%-5.9%12.0%16.8%
Net margin5.2%8.1%12.2%15.0%7.2%-7.5%7.3%9.9%
Current ratio3.19×3.7×2.71×2.04×2.28×2.19×1.95×2.07×
Debt / equity0.89×0.77×0.59×0.62×0.85×1.09×0.79×0.83×
Interest coverage2.49×5.84×11.97×15.48×2.93×-3.56×2.73×3.77×
Dividend yield6.4%6.7%4.5%1.3%0.0%3.8%2.0%0.9%
Payout ratio116.9%69.6%44.0%15.7%0.0%-86.9%49.4%19.3%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity5.6%9.2%16.0%17.7%6.2%-7.6%8.7%11.2%
Return on invested capital3.1%5.6%10.7%10.1%2.2%-1.9%5.3%7.5%
Return on assets2.6%4.5%8.6%8.3%2.6%-2.8%3.7%4.6%
Free cash flow yield5.2%13.7%7.1%2.3%0.7%15.9%8.3%-0.3%
Earnings yield5.5%9.6%10.3%8.2%4.3%-4.4%4.0%4.5%
Enterprise value€523.4M€536.6M€796.6M€890.3M€483.6M€488.5M€831.1M€977.7M
Net debt / EBITDA1.4×0.62×0.77×-0.19×-0.05×-0.15×0.25×0.54×
Cash conversion cycle (days)226233241248282229229276