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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+137.6%
€9.72
vs €4.09 price
Levered DCF
€67.22
After debt service
Piotroski score
3 / 9
Weak
Altman Z-score
0.63
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E35.18×21.2×13.04×14.44×-7.39×32.63×-5.31×4.97×
P/B2.96×2.32×2.57×3.05×3.39×2.09×1.75×0.89×
P/S0.66×0.51×0.44×0.33×0.3×0.26×0.35×0.27×
EV / EBITDA7.6×7.11×6.32×8.28×18.78×6.39×9.77×7.28×
Gross margin16.3%68.3%70.1%81.9%65.6%61.4%60.8%59.3%
Operating margin23.4%26.8%27.1%25.6%15.6%10.3%6.0%17.3%
Net margin1.8%2.5%3.3%2.2%-4.0%0.8%-6.6%5.5%
Current ratio1.15×1.14×1.09×1.27×1.11×0.98×1.01×1.12×
Debt / equity8.25×8.7×10.92×18.46×19.4×12.33×7.68×4.45×
Interest coverage1.54×1.64×1.56×2.37×1.73×1.54×0.68×1.89×
Dividend yield1.4%0.3%1.8%2.4%1.4%2.9%1.5%5.1%
Payout ratio50.8%7.1%24.3%35.7%-10.6%94.7%-8.0%25.2%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity8.2%11.3%19.3%20.6%-46.2%6.4%-33.1%18.2%
Return on invested capital4.5%5.5%0.8%5.9%-18.4%2.0%2.4%5.1%
Return on assets0.5%0.6%0.9%0.6%-1.3%0.2%-2.0%1.5%
Free cash flow yield35.8%41.2%30.6%8.3%30.9%35.2%21.2%23.5%
Earnings yield2.8%4.9%7.5%6.8%-13.7%3.1%-18.9%20.3%
Enterprise value€9.6B€9.5B€9.1B€9.8B€7.7B€6.7B€6.2B€4.1B
Net debt / EBITDA5.17×5.36×4.9×6.9×15.4×5.29×7.48×5.48×
Cash conversion cycle (days)35-299-19139-170-108-67-117