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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-186.0%
-€13.16
vs €15.31 price
Levered DCF
-€51.52
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.48
Distress zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E16.5×11.01×21.64×23.78×45.05×98.5×35.79×22.03×
P/B1.42×1.59×4.45×6.23×8.65×13.27×4.4×2.71×
P/S5.08×5.52×12.15×15.36×22.5×55.45×24.6×13.69×
EV / EBITDA9.18×10.26×16.42×19.51×28.45×67.58×35.74×20.33×
Gross margin56.5%100.0%99.8%98.9%99.1%112.0%109.4%106.8%
Operating margin110.0%89.1%88.0%87.7%76.8%62.1%47.0%54.8%
Net margin69.6%50.1%56.2%64.7%50.5%57.1%69.1%63.2%
Current ratio0.52×0.55×0.67×1.08×1.08×1.22×1.71×6.29×
Debt / equity2.14×1.87×2.03×2.57×2.7×1.88×1.82×1.21×
Interest coverage4.5×4.14×4.93×5.71×4.28×2.52×1.46×1.67×
Dividend yield0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity19.5%14.4%20.6%26.2%19.4%13.7%12.4%12.5%
Return on invested capital7.6%6.3%8.3%8.1%6.5%5.1%3.0%4.7%
Return on assets5.6%4.5%6.5%6.3%4.6%4.3%4.0%5.4%
Free cash flow yield-26.0%-7.4%-9.9%-10.1%-4.7%-2.9%-10.0%-2.7%
Earnings yield13.7%9.1%4.6%4.2%2.2%1.0%2.8%4.6%
Enterprise value€2.4B€2.1B€3.3B€2.9B€2.7B€3.3B€1.1B€576.5M
Net debt / EBITDA5.41×5.42×4.88×5.03×5.61×7.22×8.02×4.01×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-440-39,603-27,600-16,061-34,1223,5995,643141