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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+247.7%
€60.02
vs €17.26 price
Levered DCF
€23.99
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
1.74
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E-19.55×27×16.21×6.33×7.63×14.2×14.1×13.66×
P/B0.94×0.61×0.92×1.03×1.27×1.56×2.01×1.71×
P/S0.57×0.44×0.61×0.56×0.69×0.81×0.78×0.77×
EV / EBITDA9.92×4.68×5.61×3.32×4.27×5.14×6.32×7.73×
Gross margin19.0%19.4%19.1%25.8%26.3%27.7%25.1%23.8%
Operating margin2.4%0.6%4.1%11.1%10.8%10.1%7.7%6.0%
Net margin-2.9%1.6%3.7%8.8%9.0%5.7%5.5%5.7%
Current ratio2.07×2.11×2.57×2.54×1.84×2.38×2.12×2.31×
Debt / equity0.12×0.14×0.12×0.19×0.36×0.5×0.74×0.7×
Interest coverage5.81×1.4×13.25×32.01×21.5×17.08×9.18×8.01×
Dividend yield2.8%4.6%2.2%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio-55.5%126.5%36.4%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity-4.8%2.3%5.7%16.2%16.6%11.0%14.2%12.5%
Return on invested capital3.0%0.6%4.8%12.1%10.4%8.0%7.0%5.1%
Return on assets-3.1%1.4%3.8%9.9%8.5%5.0%5.0%5.0%
Free cash flow yield4.7%13.1%2.3%6.1%10.6%13.0%8.6%2.0%
Earnings yield-5.1%3.7%6.2%15.8%13.1%7.0%7.1%7.3%
Enterprise value€1.6B€1.2B€1.8B€1.5B€1.5B€1.6B€1.7B€1.6B
Net debt / EBITDA0.25×0.28×0.18×0.24×0.24×0.7×1.29×1.68×
Cash conversion cycle (days)981091101161011059797