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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+88.1%
€34.88
vs €18.54 price
Levered DCF
€36.58
After debt service
Piotroski score
8 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.59
Grey zone
Rating
A+
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E-15.38×-32.11×14.79×16.68×11.17×33.57×27.18×14.34×
P/B2×1.55×1.58×1.83×1.79×1.96×1.26×3.66×
P/S1.17×1.07×0.89×1.07×1.15×1.14×1.23×1.1×
EV / EBITDA9.45×5.03×8.05×9.05×7.21×12.95×14.71×9.2×
Gross margin15.6%14.6%28.8%21.4%23.4%24.2%27.9%25.4%
Operating margin10.9%9.0%9.0%7.8%13.5%5.3%7.2%9.7%
Net margin-7.6%-3.3%6.0%6.4%10.3%3.4%4.6%7.7%
Current ratio1.33×0.8×0.8×1.04×1.1×1×0.75×1.17×
Debt / equity0.69×0.85×0.72×0.56×0.53×0.72×0.75×0.63×
Interest coverage5.27×3.02×4.16×8.73×15.1×5.43×8.12×29.75×
Dividend yield8.2%8.6%6.7%5.3%4.8%2.4%5.0%5.9%
Payout ratio-126.5%-277.4%99.7%87.9%53.6%79.7%135.9%83.9%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity-13.0%-4.8%10.7%11.0%16.0%5.8%4.7%25.5%
Return on invested capital6.7%4.0%7.0%6.5%10.9%3.9%3.1%14.8%
Return on assets-6.2%-2.1%4.9%5.6%8.1%2.6%2.0%10.3%
Free cash flow yield10.4%11.9%7.2%5.8%8.8%8.5%10.6%7.3%
Earnings yield-6.5%-3.1%6.8%6.0%9.0%3.0%3.7%7.0%
Enterprise value€2.8B€2.9B€3.5B€3.9B€3.9B€4.1B€3.2B€1.9B
Net debt / EBITDA2.06×1.57×2.18×1.67×1.19×2.9×4.99×0.67×
Cash conversion cycle (days)3964331713-3260-53