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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+133.3%
€24.17
vs €10.36 price
Levered DCF
€13.96
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.79
Grey zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E11.14×9.75×12.63×11.88×19.07×14.71×23.45×16.64×
P/B0.71×0.82×0.86×0.91×1.03×0.99×0.94×1.01×
P/S16.45×12.71×11.03×12.11×23.48×18.92×25.92×11.55×
EV / EBITDA12.22×9.59×11.8×10.82×16.81×12.33×16.94×-69,957.87×
Gross margin100.0%86.0%90.3%100.0%0.2%0.2%0.2%100.0%
Operating margin157.1%134.5%87.5%102.0%125.5%133.1%115.2%72.3%
Net margin147.4%129.9%87.6%101.6%122.5%129.3%110.5%69.7%
Current ratio0×0×0×0×0.05×0.07×0.16×0.08×
Debt / equity0.12×0.01×0×0×0×0×0×0×
Interest coverage16.09×0×0×205.24×145.47×353.9×157×0×
Dividend yield4.7%7.3%4.6%4.5%4.0%4.1%3.3%0.0%
Payout ratio51.9%71.9%57.9%53.6%75.7%59.7%76.4%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity6.4%8.4%6.9%7.6%5.4%6.8%4.0%6.1%
Return on invested capital6.0%8.4%7.2%0.0%-4530.9%-7207.6%-9087.2%-4667.2%
Return on assets5.7%8.3%6.8%7.6%5.4%6.8%4.0%6.1%
Free cash flow yield-2.0%4.3%8.3%3.1%3.1%4.1%18.7%8.2%
Earnings yield9.0%10.2%7.9%8.4%5.2%6.8%4.3%6.0%
Enterprise value€529.2M€421.8M€399.9M€397.5M€430.1M€394.3M€315.4M€297.3M
Net debt / EBITDA1.75×0.14×-0.81×-1.06×-1.89×-1.88×-5.55×9,043.6×
Cash conversion cycle (days)17191510-7-7-45