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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+50.0%
€40.49
vs €27.00 price
Levered DCF
€78.68
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
4.76
Safe zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E20.66×17.55×17.58×19.73×28.92×34.72×21.25×14.08×
P/B2.24×1.31×1.58×1.93×2.4×2.17×1.72×2.31×
P/S0.97×0.54×0.57×0.74×0.97×0.91×0.62×0.8×
EV / EBITDA10.43×7.77×8.04×9.5×12.12×13.95×9.24×8.35×
Gross margin27.9%27.1%26.6%26.8%27.1%26.3%27.7%30.9%
Operating margin6.8%5.1%5.4%5.6%5.0%4.9%4.0%7.0%
Net margin4.7%3.1%3.3%3.7%3.3%2.6%2.9%5.7%
Current ratio2.53×2.41×2.47×1.94×2.24×2.19×2.3×2.33×
Debt / equity0.28×0.38×0.46×0.42×0.4×0.6×0.6×0.46×
Interest coverage12.63×7.69×9.1×14.26×16.79×12.7×11.6×27.76×
Dividend yield1.5%3.3%2.9%2.0%1.2%0.0%4.7%3.5%
Payout ratio31.9%58.5%51.8%39.6%35.4%0.0%99.9%49.1%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity10.8%7.4%8.9%9.8%8.3%6.2%8.1%16.5%
Return on invested capital8.5%5.8%6.6%6.6%5.8%5.8%5.1%9.5%
Return on assets7.0%4.5%4.9%5.4%4.7%3.3%4.1%9.0%
Free cash flow yield7.0%6.6%8.4%-2.2%4.8%2.2%5.8%-1.2%
Earnings yield4.8%5.7%5.7%5.1%3.4%2.9%4.7%7.1%
Enterprise value€245.2M€147M€171.3M€201.8M€219.1M€194.2M€153.4M€192.9M
Net debt / EBITDA0.35×0.98×0.97×1.22×0.85×1.55×1.46×0.81×
Cash conversion cycle (days)11612011613510610099101