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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+640.7%
€127.40
vs €17.20 price
Levered DCF
€95.16
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
1.8
Distress zone
Rating
A+
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E8.37×5.99×5.48×5.13×7.46×8.03×7.46×6.77×
P/B1.93×1.4×1.13×0.86×0.95×1.06×0.87×0.81×
P/S0.89×0.67×0.5×0.38×0.44×0.44×0.37×0.37×
EV / EBITDA4.49×4.01×3.13×3.79×5.23×4.05×5.7×4.26×
Gross margin98.0%13.2%32.0%31.4%28.8%29.2%29.6%29.4%
Operating margin15.3%13.2%11.7%9.6%8.6%9.3%7.2%5.2%
Net margin9.9%10.4%9.1%7.3%5.9%5.5%5.0%5.5%
Current ratio48.42×1.32×1.34×2.97×3.46×3.04×3.36×3.27×
Debt / equity0.86×0.92×0.94×1.07×1.45×1.12×1.52×1.11×
Interest coverage10.5×0×6.98×6.43×6.24×0×4.7×4.71×
Dividend yield2.6%3.3%4.1%5.1%4.8%4.2%5.3%4.9%
Payout ratio23.2%20.9%22.7%26.3%35.9%33.7%39.8%33.5%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity21.6%21.8%20.7%16.7%12.7%13.2%11.6%11.9%
Return on invested capital5.1%9.8%9.3%14.2%9.2%13.7%7.6%7.2%
Return on assets4.3%4.3%3.7%2.8%1.6%2.0%1.6%2.0%
Free cash flow yield12.9%15.4%22.6%39.3%14.6%21.9%26.2%-9.4%
Earnings yield11.2%15.6%18.2%19.4%13.4%12.5%13.3%14.7%
Enterprise value€1.2B€729.2M€490.5M€482.9M€536M€458.2M€516.9M€317.9M
Net debt / EBITDA0.36×-0.25×-0.3×0.82×1.51×0.58×2.13×0.31×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-18,33563-77-113-175-102-147-420