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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-150.5%
-€7.58
vs €15.00 price
Levered DCF
-€3.77
After debt service
Piotroski score
9 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.09
Grey zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E13.01×8.68×27.79×3.9×6.12×44.97×57.59×9.14×
P/B1.45×0.73×0.82×0.62×0.84×0.8×0.81×0.59×
P/S0.42×0.21×0.22×0.15×0.22×0.25×0.23×0.16×
EV / EBITDA6.64×4.74×7.43×4.63×5.55×9.25×9.48×7.01×
Gross margin11.9%11.0%9.2%11.2%11.0%9.1%8.3%9.0%
Operating margin7.3%6.7%4.6%7.1%7.0%4.0%3.1%4.5%
Net margin3.3%2.4%0.8%3.8%3.6%0.6%0.4%1.7%
Current ratio1.2×1.26×1.3×1.39×1.32×1.15×1.17×1.19×
Debt / equity1.05×1.16×1.35×1.47×1.55×1.49×1.54×1.53×
Interest coverage3.31×2.35×1.48×3.98×3.87×1.68×1.33×1.93×
Dividend yield1.4%2.2%2.3%2.2%0.7%0.3%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio17.6%19.3%64.5%8.8%4.0%12.1%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity11.1%8.5%2.9%15.8%13.8%1.8%1.4%6.5%
Return on invested capital8.1%7.2%4.8%8.7%7.4%2.5%2.1%5.5%
Return on assets3.3%2.5%0.8%4.4%3.7%0.5%0.4%1.9%
Free cash flow yield1.5%13.0%20.5%-29.2%-8.7%9.8%7.8%-12.2%
Earnings yield7.7%11.6%3.5%25.5%16.4%2.2%1.7%11.1%
Enterprise value€4.6B€2.9B€3.2B€3.1B€2.9B€2.5B€2.6B€2.3B
Net debt / EBITDA2.17×2.47×4.29×3.07×3.25×5.75×5.93×4.94×
Cash conversion cycle (days)5958828977818798