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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+94.7%
€42.65
vs €21.90 price
Levered DCF
€14.80
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.86
Grey zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E21.54×14.21×6.69×7.78×12.68×87.55×13.53×8.15×
P/B1.1×0.66×0.83×0.8×1.36×1.01×0.98×0.96×
P/S0.75×0.45×0.47×0.49×0.94×0.76×0.63×0.69×
EV / EBITDA6.93×6.37×4.9×5.17×7.3×10.88×7.96×5.47×
Gross margin21.0%23.2%24.4%23.7%25.9%24.8%25.0%27.8%
Operating margin5.4%5.1%8.9%8.5%10.6%3.9%7.7%8.6%
Net margin3.5%3.1%7.0%6.3%7.4%0.9%4.7%8.5%
Current ratio1.76×1.8×1.5×1.94×2.52×3.65×2.87×2.85×
Debt / equity0.22×0.32×0.37×0.26×0.39×0.41×0.47×0.21×
Interest coverage5.93×4.45×13.01×17.88×20.05×5.04×10.02×17.29×
Dividend yield2.4%7.9%5.5%5.5%2.4%0.0%6.5%3.6%
Payout ratio52.8%111.4%36.6%42.9%30.2%0.0%87.2%29.1%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity5.1%4.7%12.4%10.2%10.7%1.2%7.2%11.8%
Return on invested capital4.2%3.7%7.9%7.4%7.5%0.9%4.9%6.7%
Return on assets3.1%2.8%7.0%6.1%5.9%0.7%4.0%7.6%
Free cash flow yield12.9%20.4%-4.1%-9.9%14.3%25.9%-9.2%-7.8%
Earnings yield4.6%7.1%15.0%12.8%7.9%1.1%7.4%12.3%
Enterprise value€2B€1.4B€1.8B€1.4B€1.9B€1.4B€1.7B€1.4B
Net debt / EBITDA1.07×1.96×1.45×1.13×0.76×1.66×2.45×0.82×
Cash conversion cycle (days)131138143145159135176180