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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+249.5%
€45.71
vs €13.08 price
Levered DCF
-€568.70
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.17
Distress zone
Rating
C+
Overall 2 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E11.27×32.33×8.96×6.15×4.72×7.37×7.31×6.87×
P/B0.28×0.22×0.25×0.3×0.34×0.31×0.38×0.35×
P/S0.24×0.18×0.21×0.34×0.21×0.23×0.26×0.26×
EV / EBITDA21.23×38.36×21.03×16.85×6.39×8.81×7.13×4.76×
Gross margin96.2%96.5%94.8%92.4%89.4%88.8%89.4%87.8%
Operating margin3.7%0.5%3.4%7.4%6.2%4.5%5.0%5.6%
Net margin2.1%0.6%2.3%5.5%4.5%3.1%3.5%3.7%
Current ratio-0.54×0×116.69×24.73×37×1.57×1.56×0×
Debt / equity1.67×1.04×1.17×1.09×0.97×1.2×1.2×0.76×
Interest coverage0×0×0×0×1.12×0.65×0.57×0.55×
Dividend yield4.5%5.6%4.9%4.2%3.7%3.9%3.4%4.1%
Payout ratio50.4%179.4%43.8%25.9%17.4%29.0%24.5%28.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity2.5%0.7%2.8%4.8%7.2%4.2%5.2%5.1%
Return on invested capital0.2%0.0%0.2%0.4%0.5%0.3%0.4%0.2%
Return on assets0.2%0.0%0.2%0.4%0.5%0.3%0.3%0.3%
Free cash flow yield-142.7%24.3%-14.3%-162.9%-55.1%17.8%51.0%-53.4%
Earnings yield8.9%3.1%11.2%16.3%21.2%13.6%13.7%14.5%
Enterprise value€8.5B€5.2B€6B€6.6B€6.3B€7.5B€7.5B€4.6B
Net debt / EBITDA17.83×30.29×16.64×13.16×4.71×7×5.41×3.23×
Cash conversion cycle (days)17595-27,304-1,009-10,017-377-10,500-12,107