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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+78.5%
€11.82
vs €6.62 price
Levered DCF
€18.10
After debt service
Piotroski score
8 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.48
Grey zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E25.06×15.93×10.33×14.39×25.29×26.31×21.17×16.55×
P/B1.91×2.25×3.25×3.95×5.77×5.22×5.02×3.7×
P/S1.54×1.83×2.43×2.68×4.16×3.91×3.44×2.55×
EV / EBITDA11.34×8.91×7.13×13.91×17.92×20.67×15.44×12.83×
Gross margin42.0%38.9%46.6%37.6%45.8%45.5%48.8%49.0%
Operating margin6.2%13.5%28.8%11.1%13.8%9.4%14.0%13.6%
Net margin6.1%11.4%23.5%18.5%16.6%14.9%16.4%15.5%
Current ratio1.63×1.66×1.52×1.57×1.44×1.28×1.11×1.1×
Debt / equity0.69×0.69×0.69×1.06×1.19×1.09×1.13×1×
Interest coverage3.38×5.14×14.55×41.51×61.1×23.8×40.31×40.54×
Dividend yield5.8%8.0%4.2%2.8%2.1%3.1%2.8%3.8%
Payout ratio145.4%128.0%43.5%41.0%52.6%81.1%59.5%62.3%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity7.6%14.0%31.5%27.2%23.0%19.8%23.9%22.5%
Return on invested capital3.8%9.6%19.4%7.4%7.3%5.8%7.9%7.8%
Return on assets3.7%6.9%15.1%10.8%8.7%8.0%9.3%8.8%
Free cash flow yield12.5%7.8%8.9%-0.3%1.9%3.6%1.5%-0.7%
Earnings yield4.0%6.2%9.7%6.9%4.0%3.8%4.8%6.1%
Enterprise value€848.6M€1B€1.5B€1.5B€1.7B€1.4B€1.3B€907.5M
Net debt / EBITDA2.19×1.78×0.98×2.28×2.03×2.95×2.42×2.37×
Cash conversion cycle (days)161185164134125184174123